当前(qián)，VOC廢气(qì)處(chù)理(lǐ)技術(shù)主(zhǔ)要包(bāo)括热(rè)破壞法(fǎ)、變(biàn)壓吸附分(fēn)離與(yǔ)淨化(huà)技術(shù)、吸附法(fǎ)和(hé)氧化(huà)處(chù)理(lǐ)方(fāng)法(fǎ)等。

At present, VOC waste gas treatment technology mainly includes thermal destruction, pressure swing adsorption separation and purification technology, adsorption and oxidation treatment methods.

一(yī)、热(rè)破壞法(fǎ)

1. Thermal damage method

热(rè)破壞法(fǎ)是(shì)指直(zhí)接和(hé)輔助燃燒有(yǒu)機(jī)气(qì)體(tǐ)，也(yě)就(jiù)是(shì)VOC，或(huò)利用(yòng)合适的催化(huà)剂加快(kuài)VOC的化(huà)學(xué)反(fǎn)應(yìng)，比較終(zhōng)达(dá)到(dào)降低(dī)有(yǒu)機(jī)物(wù)濃度(dù)，使其(qí)不(bù)再具有(yǒu)危害性(xìng)的一(yī)種(zhǒng)處(chù)理(lǐ)方(fāng)法(fǎ)。

Thermal damage method refers to the direct and auxiliary combustion of organic gas, that is, VOC, or the use of appropriate catalysts to accelerate the chemical reaction of VOC, and ultimately to reduce the concentration of organic matter, so that it is no longer a harmless treatment.

技術(shù)｜七(qī)大(dà)VOC廢气(qì)處(chù)理(lǐ)技術(shù)

VOC waste gas treatment technology

热(rè)破壞法(fǎ)对(duì)于(yú)濃度(dù)較低(dī)的有(yǒu)機(jī)廢气(qì)處(chù)理(lǐ)效果(guǒ)比較好(hǎo)使用(yòng)碳吸附使用(yòng)碳吸附，因(yīn)此(cǐ)，在(zài)處(chù)理(lǐ)低(dī)濃度(dù)廢气(qì)中(zhōng)得到(dào)了(le)广泛應(yìng)用(yòng)。这(zhè)種(zhǒng)方(fāng)法(fǎ)主(zhǔ)要分(fēn)为(wèi)两(liǎng)種(zhǒng)，即直(zhí)接火(huǒ)焰燃燒和(hé)催化(huà)燃燒。直(zhí)接火(huǒ)焰燃燒对(duì)有(yǒu)機(jī)廢气(qì)的热(rè)處(chù)理(lǐ)效率相对(duì)較高(gāo)，一(yī)般情(qíng)況下(xià)可(kě)达(dá)到(dào)99%。而(ér)催化(huà)燃燒指的是(shì)在(zài)催化(huà)床层(céng)的作用(yòng)下(xià)，加快(kuài)有(yǒu)機(jī)廢气(qì)的化(huà)學(xué)反(fǎn)應(yìng)速度(dù)。这(zhè)種(zhǒng)方(fāng)法(fǎ)比直(zhí)接燃燒用(yòng)时(shí)更(gèng)少(shǎo)，是(shì)高(gāo)濃度(dù)、小流量(liàng)有(yǒu)機(jī)廢气(qì)淨化(huà)的推薦技術(shù)。

Thermal destructive method has a good effect on the treatment of low concentration organic waste gas, so it has been widely used in the treatment of low concentration waste gas. This method is mainly divided into two types: direct flame combustion and catalytic combustion. Direct flame combustion has relatively high heat treatment efficiency for organic waste gas, and can reach 99% under normal conditions. Catalytic combustion refers to accelerating the rate of chemical reaction of organic waste gas under the action of catalytic bed. This method is less than direct combustion, and is the preferred technology for purification of organic waste gas with high concentration and low flow rate.

二(èr)、吸附法(fǎ)

Two, adsorption method

有(yǒu)機(jī)廢气(qì)中(zhōng)的吸附法(fǎ)主(zhǔ)要适用(yòng)于(yú)低(dī)濃度(dù)、高(gāo)通(tòng)量(liàng)有(yǒu)機(jī)廢气(qì)。現(xiàn)階(jiē)段(duàn)，这(zhè)種(zhǒng)有(yǒu)機(jī)廢气(qì)的處(chù)理(lǐ)方(fāng)法(fǎ)已經(jīng)相当成(chéng)熟，能(néng)量(liàng)消耗比較小，但是(shì)處(chù)理(lǐ)效率卻非(fēi)常高(gāo)，而(ér)且(qiě)可(kě)以(yǐ)徹底淨化(huà)有(yǒu)害有(yǒu)機(jī)廢气(qì)。實(shí)踐證明(míng)，这(zhè)種(zhǒng)處(chù)理(lǐ)方(fāng)法(fǎ)值得推广應(yìng)用(yòng)。

Organic waste gas adsorption method is mainly suitable for low concentration and high flux organic waste gas. At this stage, the treatment method of this organic waste gas is quite mature, the energy consumption is relatively small, but the treatment efficiency is very high, and it can thoroughly purify the harmful organic waste gas. Practice has proved that this method is worthy of popularization and application.

技術(shù)｜七(qī)大(dà)VOC廢气(qì)處(chù)理(lǐ)技術(shù)

VOC waste gas treatment technology

但是(shì)这(zhè)種(zhǒng)方(fāng)法(fǎ)也(yě)存在(zài)一(yī)定(dìng)缺陷，它(tā)需要的設備體(tǐ)积比較龐大(dà)，而(ér)且(qiě)工藝流程比較複杂;如(rú)果(guǒ)廢气(qì)中(zhōng)有(yǒu)大(dà)量(liàng)杂質(zhì)，則容易導致(zhì)工作人(rén)員中(zhōng)毒。所(suǒ)以(yǐ)，使用(yòng)此(cǐ)方(fāng)法(fǎ)處(chù)理(lǐ)廢气(qì)的關(guān)鍵在(zài)于(yú)吸附剂。当前(qián)，采用(yòng)吸附法(fǎ)處(chù)理(lǐ)有(yǒu)機(jī)廢气(qì)，多(duō)使用(yòng)活性(xìng)炭，主(zhǔ)要是(shì)因(yīn)为(wèi)活性(xìng)炭细(xì)孔結構比較好(hǎo)使用(yòng)碳吸附使用(yòng)碳吸附，吸附性(xìng)比較強(qiáng)。

But this method also has some defects, it needs a large volume of equipment, and the process is more complex; if there is a large amount of impurities in the waste gas, it is easy to cause the workers to be poisoned. Therefore, the key to treating waste gas by this method is adsorbent. At present, the use of activated carbon in the treatment of organic waste gas by adsorption is mainly due to its fine pore structure and strong adsorption.

此(cǐ)外(wài)，經(jīng)过(guò)氧化(huà)铁(tiě)或(huò)臭氧處(chù)理(lǐ)，活性(xìng)炭的吸附性(xìng)能(néng)将会(huì)更(gèng)好(hǎo)，有(yǒu)機(jī)廢气(qì)的處(chù)理(lǐ)将会(huì)更(gèng)加安(ān)全(quán)和(hé)有(yǒu)效。

In addition, the adsorption performance of activated carbon will be better after iron oxide or ozone treatment, and the treatment of organic waste gas will be more safe and effective.

三(sān)、生(shēng)物(wù)處(chù)理(lǐ)法(fǎ)

Three. Biological treatment

从處(chù)理(lǐ)的基本(běn)原理(lǐ)上(shàng)講，采用(yòng)生(shēng)物(wù)處(chù)理(lǐ)方(fāng)法(fǎ)處(chù)理(lǐ)有(yǒu)機(jī)廢气(qì)，是(shì)使用(yòng)微生(shēng)物(wù)的生(shēng)理(lǐ)过(guò)程把(bǎ)有(yǒu)機(jī)廢气(qì)中(zhōng)的有(yǒu)害物(wù)質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化(huà)为(wèi)簡單的无機(jī)物(wù)，比如(rú)CO2、H2O和(hé)其(qí)它(tā)簡單无機(jī)物(wù)等。这(zhè)是(shì)一(yī)種(zhǒng)无害的有(yǒu)機(jī)廢气(qì)處(chù)理(lǐ)方(fāng)式。

From the basic principle of processing, the use of biological treatment to treat organic waste gas is the use of microbial physiological processes to convert harmful substances in organic waste gases into simple inorganic substances, such as CO2, H2O and other simple inorganic substances. This is a harmless treatment of organic waste gas.

技術(shù)｜七(qī)大(dà)VOC廢气(qì)處(chù)理(lǐ)技術(shù)

VOC waste gas treatment technology

一(yī)般情(qíng)況下(xià)，一(yī)个(gè)完整的生(shēng)物(wù)處(chù)理(lǐ)有(yǒu)機(jī)廢气(qì)过(guò)程包(bāo)括3个(gè)基本(běn)步驟：

Generally speaking, a complete biological treatment of organic waste gas includes 3 basic steps.

a）有(yǒu)機(jī)廢气(qì)中(zhōng)的有(yǒu)機(jī)污染物(wù)與(yǔ)水(shuǐ)接觸，在(zài)水(shuǐ)中(zhōng)可(kě)以(yǐ)迅速溶解(jiě);

A) organic pollutants in organic waste gas first contact with water and can be dissolved rapidly in water.

b）在(zài)液膜中(zhōng)溶解(jiě)的有(yǒu)機(jī)物(wù)，在(zài)液态濃度(dù)低(dī)的情(qíng)況下(xià)，可(kě)以(yǐ)逐步擴散(sàn)到(dào)生(shēng)物(wù)膜中(zhōng)，進(jìn)而(ér)被(bèi)附着在(zài)生(shēng)物(wù)膜上(shàng)的微生(shēng)物(wù)吸收(shōu);

B) the dissolved organic matter in the liquid film can gradually spread into the biofilm, and then be absorbed by the microorganism attached to the biofilm under the condition of low liquid concentration.

c）被(bèi)微生(shēng)物(wù)吸收(shōu)的有(yǒu)機(jī)廢气(qì)，在(zài)其(qí)自(zì)身(shēn)生(shēng)理(lǐ)代(dài)謝过(guò)程中(zhōng)，将会(huì)被(bèi)降解(jiě)，比較終(zhōng)轉(zhuǎn)化(huà)为(wèi)对(duì)环(huán)境沒(méi)有(yǒu)損害的化(huà)合物(wù)質(zhì)。

C) Organic waste gases absorbed by microorganisms will be degraded during their own physiological metabolism and eventually converted into compounds that do not harm the environment.

四(sì)、變(biàn)壓吸附分(fēn)離與(yǔ)淨化(huà)技術(shù)

Four, pressure swing adsorption separation and purification technology

變(biàn)壓吸附分(fēn)離與(yǔ)淨化(huà)技術(shù)是(shì)利用(yòng)气(qì)體(tǐ)组分(fēn)可(kě)吸附在(zài)固體(tǐ)材料上(shàng)的特(tè)性(xìng)，在(zài)有(yǒu)機(jī)廢气(qì)與(yǔ)分(fēn)離淨化(huà)裝(zhuāng)置中(zhōng)，气(qì)體(tǐ)的壓力会(huì)出(chū)現(xiàn)一(yī)定(dìng)的變(biàn)化(huà)，通(tòng)过(guò)这(zhè)種(zhǒng)壓力變(biàn)化(huà)来處(chù)理(lǐ)有(yǒu)機(jī)廢气(qì)。

Pressure swing adsorption separation and purification technology is a characteristic of adsorption on solid materials by using gas components. In organic waste gas and separation purification equipment, the pressure of gas will change to a certain extent, and the organic waste gas can be treated by this pressure change.

技術(shù)｜七(qī)大(dà)VOC廢气(qì)處(chù)理(lǐ)技術(shù)

VOC waste gas treatment technology

PSA技術(shù)主(zhǔ)要應(yìng)用(yòng)的是(shì)物(wù)理(lǐ)法(fǎ)，通(tòng)过(guò)物(wù)理(lǐ)法(fǎ)来實(shí)現(xiàn)有(yǒu)機(jī)廢气(qì)的淨化(huà)，使用(yòng)材料主(zhǔ)要是(shì)沸石(dàn)分(fēn)子篩。沸石(dàn)分(fēn)子篩，在(zài)吸附選擇性(xìng)和(hé)吸附量(liàng)两(liǎng)方(fāng)面有(yǒu)一(yī)定(dìng)優勢。在(zài)一(yī)定(dìng)温(wēn)度(dù)和(hé)壓力下(xià)，这(zhè)種(zhǒng)沸石(dàn)分(fēn)子篩可(kě)以(yǐ)吸附有(yǒu)機(jī)廢气(qì)中(zhōng)的有(yǒu)機(jī)成(chéng)分(fēn)，然後(hòu)把(bǎ)剩餘气(qì)體(tǐ)输送到(dào)下(xià)个(gè)环(huán)节(jié)中(zhōng)。在(zài)吸附有(yǒu)機(jī)廢气(qì)後(hòu)，通(tòng)过(guò)一(yī)定(dìng)工序将其(qí)轉(zhuǎn)化(huà)，保持(chí)並(bìng)提(tí)高(gāo)吸附剂的再生(shēng)能(néng)力，進(jìn)而(ér)可(kě)讓吸附剂再次(cì)投入(rù)使用(yòng)，然後(hòu)重(zhòng)複上(shàng)步驟工序，循环(huán)反(fǎn)複，直(zhí)到(dào)有(yǒu)機(jī)廢气(qì)得到(dào)淨化(huà)。

The main application of PSA technology is physical method, through physical method to achieve the purification of organic waste gas, mainly using zeolite molecular sieves. Zeolite molecular sieve has certain advantages in two aspects of adsorption selectivity and adsorption capacity. At a certain temperature and pressure, the zeolite molecular sieve can absorb the organic components in the organic waste gas, and then transfer the remaining gas to the next step. After the adsorption of organic waste gas, it is converted through a certain process to maintain and improve the regenerative capacity of the adsorbent, and then the adsorbents can be reinvested again, and then repeated steps are repeated until the organic waste gas is purified.

近(jìn)年(nián)来，该技術(shù)開(kāi)始(shǐ)在(zài)工业生(shēng)産中(zhōng)應(yìng)用(yòng)，对(duì)于(yú)气(qì)體(tǐ)分(fēn)離有(yǒu)良好(hǎo)效果(guǒ)。该技術(shù)的主(zhǔ)要優勢有(yǒu)：能(néng)源消耗少(shǎo)、成(chéng)本(běn)比較低(dī)、工序操作自(zì)動(dòng)化(huà)及(jí)分(fēn)離淨化(huà)後(hòu)混合物(wù)純度(dù)比較高(gāo)、环(huán)境污染小等。使用(yòng)该技術(shù)对(duì)于(yú)回(huí)收(shōu)和(hé)處(chù)理(lǐ)有(yǒu)一(yī)定(dìng)价值的气(qì)體(tǐ)效果(guǒ)良好(hǎo)，市(shì)场發(fà)展(zhǎn)前(qián)景广闊，成(chéng)为(wèi)未来有(yǒu)機(jī)廢气(qì)處(chù)理(lǐ)技術(shù)的發(fà)展(zhǎn)方(fāng)向(xiàng)。

In recent years, the technology has been applied in industrial production and has good effect on gas separation. The main advantages of this technology are: low energy consumption, low cost, automation of process operation, high purity of mixture and small environmental pollution after separation and purification. The use of this technology is good for the recovery and treatment of gas with a certain value, the market has a broad prospects for development, and become the future direction of the development of organic waste gas treatment technology.